@@ -1040,13 +1040,18 @@ void qcow2_alloc_cluster_abort(BlockDriverState *bs, QCowL2Meta *m)
/*
* For a given write request, create a new QCowL2Meta structure, add
- * it to @m and the BDRVQcow2State.cluster_allocs list.
+ * it to @m and the BDRVQcow2State.cluster_allocs list. If the write
+ * request does not need copy-on-write or changes to the L2 metadata
+ * then this function does nothing.
*
* @host_cluster_offset points to the beginning of the first cluster.
*
* @guest_offset and @bytes indicate the offset and length of the
* request.
*
+ * @l2_slice contains the L2 entries of all clusters involved in this
+ * write request.
+ *
* If @keep_old is true it means that the clusters were already
* allocated and will be overwritten. If false then the clusters are
* new and we have to decrease the reference count of the old ones.
@@ -1054,15 +1059,53 @@ void qcow2_alloc_cluster_abort(BlockDriverState *bs, QCowL2Meta *m)
static void calculate_l2_meta(BlockDriverState *bs,
uint64_t host_cluster_offset,
uint64_t guest_offset, unsigned bytes,
- QCowL2Meta **m, bool keep_old)
+ uint64_t *l2_slice, QCowL2Meta **m, bool keep_old)
{
BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
- unsigned cow_start_from = 0;
+ int l2_index = offset_to_l2_slice_index(s, guest_offset);
+ uint64_t l2_entry;
+ unsigned cow_start_from, cow_end_to;
unsigned cow_start_to = offset_into_cluster(s, guest_offset);
unsigned cow_end_from = cow_start_to + bytes;
- unsigned cow_end_to = ROUND_UP(cow_end_from, s->cluster_size);
unsigned nb_clusters = size_to_clusters(s, cow_end_from);
QCowL2Meta *old_m = *m;
+ QCow2ClusterType type;
+
+ assert(nb_clusters <= s->l2_slice_size - l2_index);
+
+ /* Return if there's no COW (all clusters are normal and we keep them) */
+ if (keep_old) {
+ int i;
+ for (i = 0; i < nb_clusters; i++) {
+ l2_entry = be64_to_cpu(l2_slice[l2_index + i]);
+ if (qcow2_get_cluster_type(bs, l2_entry) != QCOW2_CLUSTER_NORMAL) {
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ if (i == nb_clusters) {
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* Get the L2 entry of the first cluster */
+ l2_entry = be64_to_cpu(l2_slice[l2_index]);
+ type = qcow2_get_cluster_type(bs, l2_entry);
+
+ if (type == QCOW2_CLUSTER_NORMAL && keep_old) {
+ cow_start_from = cow_start_to;
+ } else {
+ cow_start_from = 0;
+ }
+
+ /* Get the L2 entry of the last cluster */
+ l2_entry = be64_to_cpu(l2_slice[l2_index + nb_clusters - 1]);
+ type = qcow2_get_cluster_type(bs, l2_entry);
+
+ if (type == QCOW2_CLUSTER_NORMAL && keep_old) {
+ cow_end_to = cow_end_from;
+ } else {
+ cow_end_to = ROUND_UP(cow_end_from, s->cluster_size);
+ }
*m = g_malloc0(sizeof(**m));
**m = (QCowL2Meta) {
@@ -1088,18 +1131,22 @@ static void calculate_l2_meta(BlockDriverState *bs,
QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&s->cluster_allocs, *m, next_in_flight);
}
-/* Returns true if writing to a cluster requires COW */
-static bool cluster_needs_cow(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t l2_entry)
+/*
+ * Returns true if writing to the cluster pointed to by @l2_entry
+ * requires a new allocation (that is, if the cluster is unallocated
+ * or has refcount > 1 and therefore cannot be written in-place).
+ */
+static bool cluster_needs_new_alloc(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t l2_entry)
{
switch (qcow2_get_cluster_type(bs, l2_entry)) {
case QCOW2_CLUSTER_NORMAL:
+ case QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO_ALLOC:
if (l2_entry & QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED) {
return false;
}
case QCOW2_CLUSTER_UNALLOCATED:
case QCOW2_CLUSTER_COMPRESSED:
case QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO_PLAIN:
- case QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO_ALLOC:
return true;
default:
abort();
@@ -1107,20 +1154,38 @@ static bool cluster_needs_cow(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t l2_entry)
}
/*
- * Returns the number of contiguous clusters that can be used for an allocating
- * write, but require COW to be performed (this includes yet unallocated space,
- * which must copy from the backing file)
+ * Returns the number of contiguous clusters that can be written to
+ * using one single write request, starting from @l2_index.
+ * At most @nb_clusters are checked.
+ *
+ * If @new_alloc is true this counts clusters that are either
+ * unallocated, or allocated but with refcount > 1 (so they need to be
+ * newly allocated and COWed).
+ *
+ * If @new_alloc is false this counts clusters that are already
+ * allocated and can be overwritten in-place (this includes clusters
+ * of type QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO_ALLOC).
*/
-static int count_cow_clusters(BlockDriverState *bs, int nb_clusters,
- uint64_t *l2_slice, int l2_index)
+static int count_single_write_clusters(BlockDriverState *bs, int nb_clusters,
+ uint64_t *l2_slice, int l2_index,
+ bool new_alloc)
{
+ BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
+ uint64_t l2_entry = be64_to_cpu(l2_slice[l2_index]);
+ uint64_t expected_offset = l2_entry & L2E_OFFSET_MASK;
int i;
for (i = 0; i < nb_clusters; i++) {
- uint64_t l2_entry = be64_to_cpu(l2_slice[l2_index + i]);
- if (!cluster_needs_cow(bs, l2_entry)) {
+ l2_entry = be64_to_cpu(l2_slice[l2_index + i]);
+ if (cluster_needs_new_alloc(bs, l2_entry) != new_alloc) {
break;
}
+ if (!new_alloc) {
+ if (expected_offset != (l2_entry & L2E_OFFSET_MASK)) {
+ break;
+ }
+ expected_offset += s->cluster_size;
+ }
}
assert(i <= nb_clusters);
@@ -1191,10 +1256,10 @@ static int handle_dependencies(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t guest_offset,
}
/*
- * Checks how many already allocated clusters that don't require a copy on
- * write there are at the given guest_offset (up to *bytes). If *host_offset is
- * not INV_OFFSET, only physically contiguous clusters beginning at this host
- * offset are counted.
+ * Checks how many already allocated clusters that don't require a new
+ * allocation there are at the given guest_offset (up to *bytes).
+ * If *host_offset is not INV_OFFSET, only physically contiguous clusters
+ * beginning at this host offset are counted.
*
* Note that guest_offset may not be cluster aligned. In this case, the
* returned *host_offset points to exact byte referenced by guest_offset and
@@ -1203,12 +1268,12 @@ static int handle_dependencies(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t guest_offset,
* Returns:
* 0: if no allocated clusters are available at the given offset.
* *bytes is normally unchanged. It is set to 0 if the cluster
- * is allocated and doesn't need COW, but doesn't have the right
- * physical offset.
+ * is allocated and can be overwritten in-place but doesn't have
+ * the right physical offset.
*
- * 1: if allocated clusters that don't require a COW are available at
- * the requested offset. *bytes may have decreased and describes
- * the length of the area that can be written to.
+ * 1: if allocated clusters that can be overwritten in place are
+ * available at the requested offset. *bytes may have decreased
+ * and describes the length of the area that can be written to.
*
* -errno: in error cases
*/
@@ -1217,7 +1282,7 @@ static int handle_copied(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t guest_offset,
{
BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
int l2_index;
- uint64_t cluster_offset;
+ uint64_t l2_entry, cluster_offset;
uint64_t *l2_slice;
uint64_t nb_clusters;
unsigned int keep_clusters;
@@ -1238,7 +1303,8 @@ static int handle_copied(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t guest_offset,
l2_index = offset_to_l2_slice_index(s, guest_offset);
nb_clusters = MIN(nb_clusters, s->l2_slice_size - l2_index);
- assert(nb_clusters <= INT_MAX);
+ /* Limit total byte count to BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES */
+ nb_clusters = MIN(nb_clusters, BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES >> s->cluster_bits);
/* Find L2 entry for the first involved cluster */
ret = get_cluster_table(bs, guest_offset, &l2_slice, &l2_index);
@@ -1246,41 +1312,39 @@ static int handle_copied(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t guest_offset,
return ret;
}
- cluster_offset = be64_to_cpu(l2_slice[l2_index]);
+ l2_entry = be64_to_cpu(l2_slice[l2_index]);
+ cluster_offset = l2_entry & L2E_OFFSET_MASK;
+
+ if (!cluster_needs_new_alloc(bs, l2_entry)) {
+ if (offset_into_cluster(s, cluster_offset)) {
+ qcow2_signal_corruption(bs, true, -1, -1, "%s cluster offset "
+ "%#" PRIx64 " unaligned (guest offset: %#"
+ PRIx64 ")", l2_entry & QCOW_OFLAG_ZERO ?
+ "Preallocated zero" : "Data",
+ cluster_offset, guest_offset);
+ ret = -EIO;
+ goto out;
+ }
- /* Check how many clusters are already allocated and don't need COW */
- if (qcow2_get_cluster_type(bs, cluster_offset) == QCOW2_CLUSTER_NORMAL
- && (cluster_offset & QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED))
- {
/* If a specific host_offset is required, check it */
- bool offset_matches =
- (cluster_offset & L2E_OFFSET_MASK) == *host_offset;
-
- if (offset_into_cluster(s, cluster_offset & L2E_OFFSET_MASK)) {
- qcow2_signal_corruption(bs, true, -1, -1, "Data cluster offset "
- "%#llx unaligned (guest offset: %#" PRIx64
- ")", cluster_offset & L2E_OFFSET_MASK,
- guest_offset);
- ret = -EIO;
- goto out;
- }
-
- if (*host_offset != INV_OFFSET && !offset_matches) {
+ if (*host_offset != INV_OFFSET && cluster_offset != *host_offset) {
*bytes = 0;
ret = 0;
goto out;
}
/* We keep all QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED clusters */
- keep_clusters =
- count_contiguous_clusters(bs, nb_clusters, s->cluster_size,
- &l2_slice[l2_index],
- QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED | QCOW_OFLAG_ZERO);
+ keep_clusters = count_single_write_clusters(bs, nb_clusters, l2_slice,
+ l2_index, false);
assert(keep_clusters <= nb_clusters);
*bytes = MIN(*bytes,
keep_clusters * s->cluster_size
- offset_into_cluster(s, guest_offset));
+ assert(*bytes != 0);
+
+ calculate_l2_meta(bs, cluster_offset, guest_offset,
+ *bytes, l2_slice, m, true);
ret = 1;
} else {
@@ -1294,8 +1358,7 @@ out:
/* Only return a host offset if we actually made progress. Otherwise we
* would make requirements for handle_alloc() that it can't fulfill */
if (ret > 0) {
- *host_offset = (cluster_offset & L2E_OFFSET_MASK)
- + offset_into_cluster(s, guest_offset);
+ *host_offset = cluster_offset + offset_into_cluster(s, guest_offset);
}
return ret;
@@ -1356,9 +1419,10 @@ static int do_alloc_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t guest_offset,
}
/*
- * Allocates new clusters for an area that either is yet unallocated or needs a
- * copy on write. If *host_offset is not INV_OFFSET, clusters are only
- * allocated if the new allocation can match the specified host offset.
+ * Allocates new clusters for an area that is either still unallocated or
+ * cannot be overwritten in-place. If *host_offset is not INV_OFFSET,
+ * clusters are only allocated if the new allocation can match the specified
+ * host offset.
*
* Note that guest_offset may not be cluster aligned. In this case, the
* returned *host_offset points to exact byte referenced by guest_offset and
@@ -1381,12 +1445,10 @@ static int handle_alloc(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t guest_offset,
BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
int l2_index;
uint64_t *l2_slice;
- uint64_t entry;
uint64_t nb_clusters;
int ret;
- bool keep_old_clusters = false;
- uint64_t alloc_cluster_offset = INV_OFFSET;
+ uint64_t alloc_cluster_offset;
trace_qcow2_handle_alloc(qemu_coroutine_self(), guest_offset, *host_offset,
*bytes);
@@ -1401,10 +1463,8 @@ static int handle_alloc(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t guest_offset,
l2_index = offset_to_l2_slice_index(s, guest_offset);
nb_clusters = MIN(nb_clusters, s->l2_slice_size - l2_index);
- assert(nb_clusters <= INT_MAX);
-
- /* Limit total allocation byte count to INT_MAX */
- nb_clusters = MIN(nb_clusters, INT_MAX >> s->cluster_bits);
+ /* Limit total allocation byte count to BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES */
+ nb_clusters = MIN(nb_clusters, BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES >> s->cluster_bits);
/* Find L2 entry for the first involved cluster */
ret = get_cluster_table(bs, guest_offset, &l2_slice, &l2_index);
@@ -1412,67 +1472,32 @@ static int handle_alloc(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t guest_offset,
return ret;
}
- entry = be64_to_cpu(l2_slice[l2_index]);
- nb_clusters = count_cow_clusters(bs, nb_clusters, l2_slice, l2_index);
+ nb_clusters = count_single_write_clusters(bs, nb_clusters,
+ l2_slice, l2_index, true);
/* This function is only called when there were no non-COW clusters, so if
* we can't find any unallocated or COW clusters either, something is
* wrong with our code. */
assert(nb_clusters > 0);
- if (qcow2_get_cluster_type(bs, entry) == QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO_ALLOC &&
- (entry & QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED) &&
- (*host_offset == INV_OFFSET ||
- start_of_cluster(s, *host_offset) == (entry & L2E_OFFSET_MASK)))
- {
- int preallocated_nb_clusters;
-
- if (offset_into_cluster(s, entry & L2E_OFFSET_MASK)) {
- qcow2_signal_corruption(bs, true, -1, -1, "Preallocated zero "
- "cluster offset %#llx unaligned (guest "
- "offset: %#" PRIx64 ")",
- entry & L2E_OFFSET_MASK, guest_offset);
- ret = -EIO;
- goto fail;
- }
-
- /* Try to reuse preallocated zero clusters; contiguous normal clusters
- * would be fine, too, but count_cow_clusters() above has limited
- * nb_clusters already to a range of COW clusters */
- preallocated_nb_clusters =
- count_contiguous_clusters(bs, nb_clusters, s->cluster_size,
- &l2_slice[l2_index], QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED);
- assert(preallocated_nb_clusters > 0);
-
- nb_clusters = preallocated_nb_clusters;
- alloc_cluster_offset = entry & L2E_OFFSET_MASK;
-
- /* We want to reuse these clusters, so qcow2_alloc_cluster_link_l2()
- * should not free them. */
- keep_old_clusters = true;
+ /* Allocate at a given offset in the image file */
+ alloc_cluster_offset = *host_offset == INV_OFFSET ? INV_OFFSET :
+ start_of_cluster(s, *host_offset);
+ ret = do_alloc_cluster_offset(bs, guest_offset, &alloc_cluster_offset,
+ &nb_clusters);
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ goto out;
}
- qcow2_cache_put(s->l2_table_cache, (void **) &l2_slice);
-
- if (alloc_cluster_offset == INV_OFFSET) {
- /* Allocate, if necessary at a given offset in the image file */
- alloc_cluster_offset = *host_offset == INV_OFFSET ? INV_OFFSET :
- start_of_cluster(s, *host_offset);
- ret = do_alloc_cluster_offset(bs, guest_offset, &alloc_cluster_offset,
- &nb_clusters);
- if (ret < 0) {
- goto fail;
- }
-
- /* Can't extend contiguous allocation */
- if (nb_clusters == 0) {
- *bytes = 0;
- return 0;
- }
-
- assert(alloc_cluster_offset != INV_OFFSET);
+ /* Can't extend contiguous allocation */
+ if (nb_clusters == 0) {
+ *bytes = 0;
+ ret = 0;
+ goto out;
}
+ assert(alloc_cluster_offset != INV_OFFSET);
+
/*
* Save info needed for meta data update.
*
@@ -1495,13 +1520,14 @@ static int handle_alloc(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t guest_offset,
*bytes = MIN(*bytes, nb_bytes - offset_into_cluster(s, guest_offset));
assert(*bytes != 0);
- calculate_l2_meta(bs, alloc_cluster_offset, guest_offset, *bytes,
- m, keep_old_clusters);
+ calculate_l2_meta(bs, alloc_cluster_offset, guest_offset, *bytes, l2_slice,
+ m, false);
- return 1;
+ ret = 1;
-fail:
- if (*m && (*m)->nb_clusters > 0) {
+out:
+ qcow2_cache_put(s->l2_table_cache, (void **) &l2_slice);
+ if (ret < 0 && *m && (*m)->nb_clusters > 0) {
QLIST_REMOVE(*m, next_in_flight);
}
return ret;
When writing to a qcow2 file there are two functions that take a virtual offset and return a host offset, possibly allocating new clusters if necessary: - handle_copied() looks for normal data clusters that are already allocated and have a reference count of 1. In those clusters we can simply write the data and there is no need to perform any copy-on-write. - handle_alloc() looks for clusters that do need copy-on-write, either because they haven't been allocated yet, because their reference count is != 1 or because they are ZERO_ALLOC clusters. The ZERO_ALLOC case is a bit special because those are clusters that are already allocated and they could perfectly be dealt with in handle_copied() (as long as copy-on-write is performed when required). In fact, there is extra code specifically for them in handle_alloc() that tries to reuse the existing allocation if possible and frees them otherwise. This patch changes the handling of ZERO_ALLOC clusters so the semantics of these two functions are now like this: - handle_copied() looks for clusters that are already allocated and which we can overwrite (NORMAL and ZERO_ALLOC clusters with a reference count of 1). - handle_alloc() looks for clusters for which we need a new allocation (all other cases). One important difference after this change is that clusters found in handle_copied() may now require copy-on-write, but this will be necessary anyway once we add support for subclusters. Signed-off-by: Alberto Garcia <berto@igalia.com> Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Max Reitz <mreitz@redhat.com> --- block/qcow2-cluster.c | 256 +++++++++++++++++++++++------------------- 1 file changed, 141 insertions(+), 115 deletions(-)