diff --git a/ui/dbus-listener.c b/ui/dbus-listener.c
index 36548a7f52..350988c70d 100644
--- a/ui/dbus-listener.c
+++ b/ui/dbus-listener.c
@@ -26,9 +26,6 @@
 #include "qapi/error.h"
 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
 #include "dbus.h"
-#ifdef CONFIG_OPENGL
-#include <pixman.h>
-#endif
 #ifdef G_OS_UNIX
 #include <gio/gunixfdlist.h>
 #endif
@@ -41,6 +38,7 @@
 #include "ui/shader.h"
 #include "ui/egl-helpers.h"
 #include "ui/egl-context.h"
+#include "ui/qemu-pixman.h"
 #endif
 #include "trace.h"
 
@@ -62,9 +60,11 @@ struct _DBusDisplayListener {
 
     QemuDBusDisplay1Listener *proxy;
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_OPENGL
+#ifdef CONFIG_PIXMAN
     /* Keep track of the damage region */
     pixman_region32_t gl_damage;
+#else
+    int gl_damage;
 #endif
 
     DisplayChangeListener dcl;
@@ -545,6 +545,7 @@ static void dbus_gl_refresh(DisplayChangeListener *dcl)
         return;
     }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_PIXMAN
     int n_rects = pixman_region32_n_rects(&ddl->gl_damage);
 
     for (int i = 0; i < n_rects; i++) {
@@ -555,6 +556,13 @@ static void dbus_gl_refresh(DisplayChangeListener *dcl)
                             box->x2 - box->x1, box->y2 - box->y1);
     }
     pixman_region32_clear(&ddl->gl_damage);
+#else
+    if (ddl->gl_damage) {
+        dbus_call_update_gl(dcl, 0, 0,
+                            surface_width(ddl->ds), surface_height(ddl->ds));
+        ddl->gl_damage = 0;
+    }
+#endif
 }
 #endif /* OPENGL */
 
@@ -569,20 +577,62 @@ static void dbus_gl_gfx_update(DisplayChangeListener *dcl,
 {
     DBusDisplayListener *ddl = container_of(dcl, DBusDisplayListener, dcl);
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_PIXMAN
     pixman_region32_t rect_region;
     pixman_region32_init_rect(&rect_region, x, y, w, h);
     pixman_region32_union(&ddl->gl_damage, &ddl->gl_damage, &rect_region);
     pixman_region32_fini(&rect_region);
+#else
+    ddl->gl_damage++;
+#endif
 }
 #endif
 
+static void dbus_gfx_update_sub(DBusDisplayListener *ddl,
+                                int x, int y, int w, int h)
+{
+    pixman_image_t *img;
+    size_t stride;
+    GVariant *v_data;
+
+    /* make a copy, since gvariant only handles linear data */
+    stride = w * DIV_ROUND_UP(PIXMAN_FORMAT_BPP(surface_format(ddl->ds)), 8);
+    img = pixman_image_create_bits(surface_format(ddl->ds),
+                                   w, h, NULL, stride);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PIXMAN
+    pixman_image_composite(PIXMAN_OP_SRC, ddl->ds->image, NULL, img,
+                           x, y, 0, 0, 0, 0, w, h);
+#else
+    {
+        uint8_t *src = pixman_image_get_data(ddl->ds->image);
+        uint8_t *dst = pixman_image_get_data(img);
+        int bp = PIXMAN_FORMAT_BPP(surface_format(ddl->ds)) / 8;
+        int hh;
+
+        for (hh = 0; hh < h; hh++) {
+            memcpy(&dst[stride * hh], &src[surface_stride(ddl->ds) * (hh + y) + x * bp], stride);
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+    v_data = g_variant_new_from_data(
+        G_VARIANT_TYPE("ay"),
+        pixman_image_get_data(img),
+        pixman_image_get_stride(img) * h,
+        TRUE,
+        (GDestroyNotify)pixman_image_unref,
+        img);
+    qemu_dbus_display1_listener_call_update(ddl->proxy,
+        x, y, w, h, pixman_image_get_stride(img), pixman_image_get_format(img),
+        v_data,
+        G_DBUS_CALL_FLAGS_NONE,
+        DBUS_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+}
+
 static void dbus_gfx_update(DisplayChangeListener *dcl,
                             int x, int y, int w, int h)
 {
     DBusDisplayListener *ddl = container_of(dcl, DBusDisplayListener, dcl);
-    pixman_image_t *img;
     GVariant *v_data;
-    size_t stride;
 
     assert(ddl->ds);
 
@@ -619,25 +669,7 @@ static void dbus_gfx_update(DisplayChangeListener *dcl,
         return;
     }
 
-    /* make a copy, since gvariant only handles linear data */
-    stride = w * DIV_ROUND_UP(PIXMAN_FORMAT_BPP(surface_format(ddl->ds)), 8);
-    img = pixman_image_create_bits(surface_format(ddl->ds),
-                                   w, h, NULL, stride);
-    pixman_image_composite(PIXMAN_OP_SRC, ddl->ds->image, NULL, img,
-                           x, y, 0, 0, 0, 0, w, h);
-
-    v_data = g_variant_new_from_data(
-        G_VARIANT_TYPE("ay"),
-        pixman_image_get_data(img),
-        pixman_image_get_stride(img) * h,
-        TRUE,
-        (GDestroyNotify)pixman_image_unref,
-        img);
-    qemu_dbus_display1_listener_call_update(ddl->proxy,
-        x, y, w, h, pixman_image_get_stride(img), pixman_image_get_format(img),
-        v_data,
-        G_DBUS_CALL_FLAGS_NONE,
-        DBUS_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+    dbus_gfx_update_sub(ddl, x, y, w, h);
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_OPENGL
@@ -751,8 +783,10 @@ dbus_display_listener_dispose(GObject *object)
     g_clear_object(&ddl->map_proxy);
     g_clear_object(&ddl->d3d11_proxy);
     g_clear_pointer(&ddl->peer_process, CloseHandle);
-#ifdef CONFIG_OPENGL
+#ifdef CONFIG_PIXMAN
     pixman_region32_fini(&ddl->gl_damage);
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_OPENGL
     egl_fb_destroy(&ddl->fb);
 #endif
 #endif
@@ -787,7 +821,7 @@ dbus_display_listener_class_init(DBusDisplayListenerClass *klass)
 static void
 dbus_display_listener_init(DBusDisplayListener *ddl)
 {
-#ifdef CONFIG_OPENGL
+#ifdef CONFIG_PIXMAN
     pixman_region32_init(&ddl->gl_damage);
 #endif
 }
diff --git a/ui/meson.build b/ui/meson.build
index 7f806a6d48..521843c356 100644
--- a/ui/meson.build
+++ b/ui/meson.build
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ if dbus_display
                                           '--generate-c-code', '@BASENAME@'])
   dbus_display1_lib = static_library('dbus-display1', dbus_display1, dependencies: gio)
   dbus_display1_dep = declare_dependency(link_with: dbus_display1_lib, include_directories: include_directories('.'))
-  dbus_ss.add(when: [gio, pixman, dbus_display1_dep],
+  dbus_ss.add(when: [gio, dbus_display1_dep],
               if_true: [files(
                 'dbus-chardev.c',
                 'dbus-clipboard.c',
