diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/traps.c b/arch/powerpc/kernel/traps.c
index a44a30b0688c..5828c83eaca6 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/traps.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/traps.c
@@ -171,7 +171,6 @@ extern void panic_flush_kmsg_start(void)
 
 extern void panic_flush_kmsg_end(void)
 {
-	printk_safe_flush_on_panic();
 	kmsg_dump(KMSG_DUMP_PANIC);
 	bust_spinlocks(0);
 	debug_locks_off();
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/watchdog.c b/arch/powerpc/kernel/watchdog.c
index c9a8f4781a10..dc17d8903d4f 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/watchdog.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/watchdog.c
@@ -183,11 +183,6 @@ static void watchdog_smp_panic(int cpu, u64 tb)
 
 	wd_smp_unlock(&flags);
 
-	printk_safe_flush();
-	/*
-	 * printk_safe_flush() seems to require another print
-	 * before anything actually goes out to console.
-	 */
 	if (sysctl_hardlockup_all_cpu_backtrace)
 		trigger_allbutself_cpu_backtrace();
 
diff --git a/include/linux/printk.h b/include/linux/printk.h
index 1790a5521fd9..664612f75dac 100644
--- a/include/linux/printk.h
+++ b/include/linux/printk.h
@@ -207,8 +207,6 @@ __printf(1, 2) void dump_stack_set_arch_desc(const char *fmt, ...);
 void dump_stack_print_info(const char *log_lvl);
 void show_regs_print_info(const char *log_lvl);
 extern asmlinkage void dump_stack(void) __cold;
-extern void printk_safe_flush(void);
-extern void printk_safe_flush_on_panic(void);
 #else
 static inline __printf(1, 0)
 int vprintk(const char *s, va_list args)
@@ -272,14 +270,6 @@ static inline void show_regs_print_info(const char *log_lvl)
 static inline void dump_stack(void)
 {
 }
-
-static inline void printk_safe_flush(void)
-{
-}
-
-static inline void printk_safe_flush_on_panic(void)
-{
-}
 #endif
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
diff --git a/kernel/kexec_core.c b/kernel/kexec_core.c
index a0b6780740c8..480d5f77ef4f 100644
--- a/kernel/kexec_core.c
+++ b/kernel/kexec_core.c
@@ -977,7 +977,6 @@ void crash_kexec(struct pt_regs *regs)
 	old_cpu = atomic_cmpxchg(&panic_cpu, PANIC_CPU_INVALID, this_cpu);
 	if (old_cpu == PANIC_CPU_INVALID) {
 		/* This is the 1st CPU which comes here, so go ahead. */
-		printk_safe_flush_on_panic();
 		__crash_kexec(regs);
 
 		/*
diff --git a/kernel/panic.c b/kernel/panic.c
index 332736a72a58..1f0df42f8d0c 100644
--- a/kernel/panic.c
+++ b/kernel/panic.c
@@ -247,7 +247,6 @@ void panic(const char *fmt, ...)
 	 * Bypass the panic_cpu check and call __crash_kexec directly.
 	 */
 	if (!_crash_kexec_post_notifiers) {
-		printk_safe_flush_on_panic();
 		__crash_kexec(NULL);
 
 		/*
@@ -271,8 +270,6 @@ void panic(const char *fmt, ...)
 	 */
 	atomic_notifier_call_chain(&panic_notifier_list, 0, buf);
 
-	/* Call flush even twice. It tries harder with a single online CPU */
-	printk_safe_flush_on_panic();
 	kmsg_dump(KMSG_DUMP_PANIC);
 
 	/*
diff --git a/kernel/printk/internal.h b/kernel/printk/internal.h
index 51615c909b2f..6cc35c5de890 100644
--- a/kernel/printk/internal.h
+++ b/kernel/printk/internal.h
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ __printf(1, 0) int vprintk_deferred(const char *fmt, va_list args);
 void __printk_safe_enter(void);
 void __printk_safe_exit(void);
 
-void printk_safe_init(void);
 bool printk_percpu_data_ready(void);
 
 #define printk_safe_enter_irqsave(flags)	\
@@ -37,18 +36,6 @@ bool printk_percpu_data_ready(void);
 		local_irq_restore(flags);	\
 	} while (0)
 
-#define printk_safe_enter_irq()		\
-	do {					\
-		local_irq_disable();		\
-		__printk_safe_enter();		\
-	} while (0)
-
-#define printk_safe_exit_irq()			\
-	do {					\
-		__printk_safe_exit();		\
-		local_irq_enable();		\
-	} while (0)
-
 void defer_console_output(void);
 
 #else
@@ -61,9 +48,5 @@ void defer_console_output(void);
 #define printk_safe_enter_irqsave(flags) local_irq_save(flags)
 #define printk_safe_exit_irqrestore(flags) local_irq_restore(flags)
 
-#define printk_safe_enter_irq() local_irq_disable()
-#define printk_safe_exit_irq() local_irq_enable()
-
-static inline void printk_safe_init(void) { }
 static inline bool printk_percpu_data_ready(void) { return false; }
 #endif /* CONFIG_PRINTK */
diff --git a/kernel/printk/printk.c b/kernel/printk/printk.c
index 7fa0b4d91975..495520b7369c 100644
--- a/kernel/printk/printk.c
+++ b/kernel/printk/printk.c
@@ -732,27 +732,22 @@ static ssize_t devkmsg_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
-	printk_safe_enter_irq();
 	if (!prb_read_valid(prb, atomic64_read(&user->seq), r)) {
 		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
 			ret = -EAGAIN;
-			printk_safe_exit_irq();
 			goto out;
 		}
 
-		printk_safe_exit_irq();
 		ret = wait_event_interruptible(log_wait,
 				prb_read_valid(prb, atomic64_read(&user->seq), r));
 		if (ret)
 			goto out;
-		printk_safe_enter_irq();
 	}
 
 	if (r->info->seq != atomic64_read(&user->seq)) {
 		/* our last seen message is gone, return error and reset */
 		atomic64_set(&user->seq, r->info->seq);
 		ret = -EPIPE;
-		printk_safe_exit_irq();
 		goto out;
 	}
 
@@ -762,7 +757,6 @@ static ssize_t devkmsg_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
 				  &r->info->dev_info);
 
 	atomic64_set(&user->seq, r->info->seq + 1);
-	printk_safe_exit_irq();
 
 	if (len > count) {
 		ret = -EINVAL;
@@ -797,7 +791,6 @@ static loff_t devkmsg_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int whence)
 	if (offset)
 		return -ESPIPE;
 
-	printk_safe_enter_irq();
 	switch (whence) {
 	case SEEK_SET:
 		/* the first record */
@@ -818,7 +811,6 @@ static loff_t devkmsg_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int whence)
 	default:
 		ret = -EINVAL;
 	}
-	printk_safe_exit_irq();
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -833,7 +825,6 @@ static __poll_t devkmsg_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
 
 	poll_wait(file, &log_wait, wait);
 
-	printk_safe_enter_irq();
 	if (prb_read_valid_info(prb, atomic64_read(&user->seq), &info, NULL)) {
 		/* return error when data has vanished underneath us */
 		if (info.seq != atomic64_read(&user->seq))
@@ -841,7 +832,6 @@ static __poll_t devkmsg_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
 		else
 			ret = EPOLLIN|EPOLLRDNORM;
 	}
-	printk_safe_exit_irq();
 
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -874,9 +864,7 @@ static int devkmsg_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	prb_rec_init_rd(&user->record, &user->info,
 			&user->text_buf[0], sizeof(user->text_buf));
 
-	printk_safe_enter_irq();
 	atomic64_set(&user->seq, prb_first_valid_seq(prb));
-	printk_safe_exit_irq();
 
 	file->private_data = user;
 	return 0;
@@ -1042,9 +1030,6 @@ static inline void log_buf_add_cpu(void) {}
 
 static void __init set_percpu_data_ready(void)
 {
-	printk_safe_init();
-	/* Make sure we set this flag only after printk_safe() init is done */
-	barrier();
 	__printk_percpu_data_ready = true;
 }
 
@@ -1082,6 +1067,7 @@ void __init setup_log_buf(int early)
 	struct prb_desc *new_descs;
 	struct printk_info info;
 	struct printk_record r;
+	unsigned int text_size;
 	size_t new_descs_size;
 	size_t new_infos_size;
 	unsigned long flags;
@@ -1142,24 +1128,37 @@ void __init setup_log_buf(int early)
 		 new_descs, ilog2(new_descs_count),
 		 new_infos);
 
-	printk_safe_enter_irqsave(flags);
+	local_irq_save(flags);
 
 	log_buf_len = new_log_buf_len;
 	log_buf = new_log_buf;
 	new_log_buf_len = 0;
 
 	free = __LOG_BUF_LEN;
-	prb_for_each_record(0, &printk_rb_static, seq, &r)
-		free -= add_to_rb(&printk_rb_dynamic, &r);
+	prb_for_each_record(0, &printk_rb_static, seq, &r) {
+		text_size = add_to_rb(&printk_rb_dynamic, &r);
+		if (text_size > free)
+			free = 0;
+		else
+			free -= text_size;
+	}
 
-	/*
-	 * This is early enough that everything is still running on the
-	 * boot CPU and interrupts are disabled. So no new messages will
-	 * appear during the transition to the dynamic buffer.
-	 */
 	prb = &printk_rb_dynamic;
 
-	printk_safe_exit_irqrestore(flags);
+	local_irq_restore(flags);
+
+	/*
+	 * Copy any remaining messages that might have appeared from
+	 * NMI context after copying but before switching to the
+	 * dynamic buffer.
+	 */
+	prb_for_each_record(seq, &printk_rb_static, seq, &r) {
+		text_size = add_to_rb(&printk_rb_dynamic, &r);
+		if (text_size > free)
+			free = 0;
+		else
+			free -= text_size;
+	}
 
 	if (seq != prb_next_seq(&printk_rb_static)) {
 		pr_err("dropped %llu messages\n",
@@ -1498,11 +1497,9 @@ static int syslog_print(char __user *buf, int size)
 		size_t n;
 		size_t skip;
 
-		printk_safe_enter_irq();
-		raw_spin_lock(&syslog_lock);
+		raw_spin_lock_irq(&syslog_lock);
 		if (!prb_read_valid(prb, syslog_seq, &r)) {
-			raw_spin_unlock(&syslog_lock);
-			printk_safe_exit_irq();
+			raw_spin_unlock_irq(&syslog_lock);
 			break;
 		}
 		if (r.info->seq != syslog_seq) {
@@ -1531,8 +1528,7 @@ static int syslog_print(char __user *buf, int size)
 			syslog_partial += n;
 		} else
 			n = 0;
-		raw_spin_unlock(&syslog_lock);
-		printk_safe_exit_irq();
+		raw_spin_unlock_irq(&syslog_lock);
 
 		if (!n)
 			break;
@@ -1566,7 +1562,6 @@ static int syslog_print_all(char __user *buf, int size, bool clear)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
 	time = printk_time;
-	printk_safe_enter_irq();
 	/*
 	 * Find first record that fits, including all following records,
 	 * into the user-provided buffer for this dump.
@@ -1587,23 +1582,20 @@ static int syslog_print_all(char __user *buf, int size, bool clear)
 			break;
 		}
 
-		printk_safe_exit_irq();
 		if (copy_to_user(buf + len, text, textlen))
 			len = -EFAULT;
 		else
 			len += textlen;
-		printk_safe_enter_irq();
 
 		if (len < 0)
 			break;
 	}
 
 	if (clear) {
-		raw_spin_lock(&syslog_lock);
+		raw_spin_lock_irq(&syslog_lock);
 		latched_seq_write(&clear_seq, seq);
-		raw_spin_unlock(&syslog_lock);
+		raw_spin_unlock_irq(&syslog_lock);
 	}
-	printk_safe_exit_irq();
 
 	kfree(text);
 	return len;
@@ -1611,11 +1603,9 @@ static int syslog_print_all(char __user *buf, int size, bool clear)
 
 static void syslog_clear(void)
 {
-	printk_safe_enter_irq();
-	raw_spin_lock(&syslog_lock);
+	raw_spin_lock_irq(&syslog_lock);
 	latched_seq_write(&clear_seq, prb_next_seq(prb));
-	raw_spin_unlock(&syslog_lock);
-	printk_safe_exit_irq();
+	raw_spin_unlock_irq(&syslog_lock);
 }
 
 /* Return a consistent copy of @syslog_seq. */
@@ -1703,12 +1693,10 @@ int do_syslog(int type, char __user *buf, int len, int source)
 		break;
 	/* Number of chars in the log buffer */
 	case SYSLOG_ACTION_SIZE_UNREAD:
-		printk_safe_enter_irq();
-		raw_spin_lock(&syslog_lock);
+		raw_spin_lock_irq(&syslog_lock);
 		if (!prb_read_valid_info(prb, syslog_seq, &info, NULL)) {
 			/* No unread messages. */
-			raw_spin_unlock(&syslog_lock);
-			printk_safe_exit_irq();
+			raw_spin_unlock_irq(&syslog_lock);
 			return 0;
 		}
 		if (info.seq != syslog_seq) {
@@ -1736,8 +1724,7 @@ int do_syslog(int type, char __user *buf, int len, int source)
 			}
 			error -= syslog_partial;
 		}
-		raw_spin_unlock(&syslog_lock);
-		printk_safe_exit_irq();
+		raw_spin_unlock_irq(&syslog_lock);
 		break;
 	/* Size of the log buffer */
 	case SYSLOG_ACTION_SIZE_BUFFER:
@@ -1852,7 +1839,7 @@ static int console_trylock_spinning(void)
 	if (console_trylock())
 		return 1;
 
-	printk_safe_enter_irqsave(flags);
+	local_irq_save(flags);
 
 	raw_spin_lock(&console_owner_lock);
 	owner = READ_ONCE(console_owner);
@@ -1873,7 +1860,7 @@ static int console_trylock_spinning(void)
 	 * that active printer isn't us (recursive printk?).
 	 */
 	if (!spin) {
-		printk_safe_exit_irqrestore(flags);
+		local_irq_restore(flags);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -1884,7 +1871,7 @@ static int console_trylock_spinning(void)
 		cpu_relax();
 	spin_release(&console_owner_dep_map, _THIS_IP_);
 
-	printk_safe_exit_irqrestore(flags);
+	local_irq_restore(flags);
 	/*
 	 * The owner passed the console lock to us.
 	 * Since we did not spin on console lock, annotate
@@ -2219,7 +2206,6 @@ asmlinkage int vprintk_emit(int facility, int level,
 {
 	int printed_len;
 	bool in_sched = false;
-	unsigned long flags;
 
 	/* Suppress unimportant messages after panic happens */
 	if (unlikely(suppress_printk))
@@ -2233,9 +2219,7 @@ asmlinkage int vprintk_emit(int facility, int level,
 	boot_delay_msec(level);
 	printk_delay();
 
-	printk_safe_enter_irqsave(flags);
 	printed_len = vprintk_store(facility, level, dev_info, fmt, args);
-	printk_safe_exit_irqrestore(flags);
 
 	/* If called from the scheduler, we can not call up(). */
 	if (!in_sched) {
@@ -2664,9 +2648,9 @@ void console_unlock(void)
 
 	for (;;) {
 		size_t ext_len = 0;
+		int handover;
 		size_t len;
 
-		printk_safe_enter_irqsave(flags);
 skip:
 		if (!prb_read_valid(prb, console_seq, &r))
 			break;
@@ -2716,19 +2700,22 @@ void console_unlock(void)
 		 * were to occur on another CPU, it may wait for this one to
 		 * finish. This task can not be preempted if there is a
 		 * waiter waiting to take over.
+		 *
+		 * Interrupts are disabled because the hand over to a waiter
+		 * must not be interrupted until the hand over is completed
+		 * (@console_waiter is cleared).
 		 */
+		local_irq_save(flags);
 		console_lock_spinning_enable();
 
 		stop_critical_timings();	/* don't trace print latency */
 		call_console_drivers(ext_text, ext_len, text, len);
 		start_critical_timings();
 
-		if (console_lock_spinning_disable_and_check()) {
-			printk_safe_exit_irqrestore(flags);
+		handover = console_lock_spinning_disable_and_check();
+		local_irq_restore(flags);
+		if (handover)
 			return;
-		}
-
-		printk_safe_exit_irqrestore(flags);
 
 		if (do_cond_resched)
 			cond_resched();
@@ -2745,8 +2732,6 @@ void console_unlock(void)
 	 * flush, no worries.
 	 */
 	retry = prb_read_valid(prb, console_seq, NULL);
-	printk_safe_exit_irqrestore(flags);
-
 	if (retry && console_trylock())
 		goto again;
 }
@@ -2808,13 +2793,8 @@ void console_flush_on_panic(enum con_flush_mode mode)
 	console_trylock();
 	console_may_schedule = 0;
 
-	if (mode == CONSOLE_REPLAY_ALL) {
-		unsigned long flags;
-
-		printk_safe_enter_irqsave(flags);
+	if (mode == CONSOLE_REPLAY_ALL)
 		console_seq = prb_first_valid_seq(prb);
-		printk_safe_exit_irqrestore(flags);
-	}
 	console_unlock();
 }
 
@@ -3466,14 +3446,12 @@ bool kmsg_dump_get_line(struct kmsg_dump_iter *iter, bool syslog,
 	struct printk_info info;
 	unsigned int line_count;
 	struct printk_record r;
-	unsigned long flags;
 	size_t l = 0;
 	bool ret = false;
 
 	if (iter->cur_seq < min_seq)
 		iter->cur_seq = min_seq;
 
-	printk_safe_enter_irqsave(flags);
 	prb_rec_init_rd(&r, &info, line, size);
 
 	/* Read text or count text lines? */
@@ -3494,7 +3472,6 @@ bool kmsg_dump_get_line(struct kmsg_dump_iter *iter, bool syslog,
 	iter->cur_seq = r.info->seq + 1;
 	ret = true;
 out:
-	printk_safe_exit_irqrestore(flags);
 	if (len)
 		*len = l;
 	return ret;
@@ -3526,7 +3503,6 @@ bool kmsg_dump_get_buffer(struct kmsg_dump_iter *iter, bool syslog,
 	u64 min_seq = latched_seq_read_nolock(&clear_seq);
 	struct printk_info info;
 	struct printk_record r;
-	unsigned long flags;
 	u64 seq;
 	u64 next_seq;
 	size_t len = 0;
@@ -3539,7 +3515,6 @@ bool kmsg_dump_get_buffer(struct kmsg_dump_iter *iter, bool syslog,
 	if (iter->cur_seq < min_seq)
 		iter->cur_seq = min_seq;
 
-	printk_safe_enter_irqsave(flags);
 	if (prb_read_valid_info(prb, iter->cur_seq, &info, NULL)) {
 		if (info.seq != iter->cur_seq) {
 			/* messages are gone, move to first available one */
@@ -3548,10 +3523,8 @@ bool kmsg_dump_get_buffer(struct kmsg_dump_iter *iter, bool syslog,
 	}
 
 	/* last entry */
-	if (iter->cur_seq >= iter->next_seq) {
-		printk_safe_exit_irqrestore(flags);
+	if (iter->cur_seq >= iter->next_seq)
 		goto out;
-	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Find first record that fits, including all following records,
@@ -3583,7 +3556,6 @@ bool kmsg_dump_get_buffer(struct kmsg_dump_iter *iter, bool syslog,
 
 	iter->next_seq = next_seq;
 	ret = true;
-	printk_safe_exit_irqrestore(flags);
 out:
 	if (len_out)
 		*len_out = len;
@@ -3601,12 +3573,8 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kmsg_dump_get_buffer);
  */
 void kmsg_dump_rewind(struct kmsg_dump_iter *iter)
 {
-	unsigned long flags;
-
-	printk_safe_enter_irqsave(flags);
 	iter->cur_seq = latched_seq_read_nolock(&clear_seq);
 	iter->next_seq = prb_next_seq(prb);
-	printk_safe_exit_irqrestore(flags);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kmsg_dump_rewind);
 
diff --git a/kernel/printk/printk_safe.c b/kernel/printk/printk_safe.c
index 94232186fccb..0456cd48d01c 100644
--- a/kernel/printk/printk_safe.c
+++ b/kernel/printk/printk_safe.c
@@ -15,286 +15,9 @@
 
 #include "internal.h"
 
-/*
- * In NMI and safe mode, printk() avoids taking locks. Instead,
- * it uses an alternative implementation that temporary stores
- * the strings into a per-CPU buffer. The content of the buffer
- * is later flushed into the main ring buffer via IRQ work.
- *
- * The alternative implementation is chosen transparently
- * by examining current printk() context mask stored in @printk_context
- * per-CPU variable.
- *
- * The implementation allows to flush the strings also from another CPU.
- * There are situations when we want to make sure that all buffers
- * were handled or when IRQs are blocked.
- */
-
-#define SAFE_LOG_BUF_LEN ((1 << CONFIG_PRINTK_SAFE_LOG_BUF_SHIFT) -	\
-				sizeof(atomic_t) -			\
-				sizeof(atomic_t) -			\
-				sizeof(struct irq_work))
-
-struct printk_safe_seq_buf {
-	atomic_t		len;	/* length of written data */
-	atomic_t		message_lost;
-	struct irq_work		work;	/* IRQ work that flushes the buffer */
-	unsigned char		buffer[SAFE_LOG_BUF_LEN];
-};
-
-static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct printk_safe_seq_buf, safe_print_seq);
 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, printk_context);
 
-static DEFINE_RAW_SPINLOCK(safe_read_lock);
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_PRINTK_NMI
-static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct printk_safe_seq_buf, nmi_print_seq);
-#endif
-
-/* Get flushed in a more safe context. */
-static void queue_flush_work(struct printk_safe_seq_buf *s)
-{
-	if (printk_percpu_data_ready())
-		irq_work_queue(&s->work);
-}
-
-/*
- * Add a message to per-CPU context-dependent buffer. NMI and printk-safe
- * have dedicated buffers, because otherwise printk-safe preempted by
- * NMI-printk would have overwritten the NMI messages.
- *
- * The messages are flushed from irq work (or from panic()), possibly,
- * from other CPU, concurrently with printk_safe_log_store(). Should this
- * happen, printk_safe_log_store() will notice the buffer->len mismatch
- * and repeat the write.
- */
-static __printf(2, 0) int printk_safe_log_store(struct printk_safe_seq_buf *s,
-						const char *fmt, va_list args)
-{
-	int add;
-	size_t len;
-	va_list ap;
-
-again:
-	len = atomic_read(&s->len);
-
-	/* The trailing '\0' is not counted into len. */
-	if (len >= sizeof(s->buffer) - 1) {
-		atomic_inc(&s->message_lost);
-		queue_flush_work(s);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Make sure that all old data have been read before the buffer
-	 * was reset. This is not needed when we just append data.
-	 */
-	if (!len)
-		smp_rmb();
-
-	va_copy(ap, args);
-	add = vscnprintf(s->buffer + len, sizeof(s->buffer) - len, fmt, ap);
-	va_end(ap);
-	if (!add)
-		return 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do it once again if the buffer has been flushed in the meantime.
-	 * Note that atomic_cmpxchg() is an implicit memory barrier that
-	 * makes sure that the data were written before updating s->len.
-	 */
-	if (atomic_cmpxchg(&s->len, len, len + add) != len)
-		goto again;
-
-	queue_flush_work(s);
-	return add;
-}
-
-static inline void printk_safe_flush_line(const char *text, int len)
-{
-	/*
-	 * Avoid any console drivers calls from here, because we may be
-	 * in NMI or printk_safe context (when in panic). The messages
-	 * must go only into the ring buffer at this stage.  Consoles will
-	 * get explicitly called later when a crashdump is not generated.
-	 */
-	printk_deferred("%.*s", len, text);
-}
-
-/* printk part of the temporary buffer line by line */
-static int printk_safe_flush_buffer(const char *start, size_t len)
-{
-	const char *c, *end;
-	bool header;
-
-	c = start;
-	end = start + len;
-	header = true;
-
-	/* Print line by line. */
-	while (c < end) {
-		if (*c == '\n') {
-			printk_safe_flush_line(start, c - start + 1);
-			start = ++c;
-			header = true;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/* Handle continuous lines or missing new line. */
-		if ((c + 1 < end) && printk_get_level(c)) {
-			if (header) {
-				c = printk_skip_level(c);
-				continue;
-			}
-
-			printk_safe_flush_line(start, c - start);
-			start = c++;
-			header = true;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		header = false;
-		c++;
-	}
-
-	/* Check if there was a partial line. Ignore pure header. */
-	if (start < end && !header) {
-		static const char newline[] = KERN_CONT "\n";
-
-		printk_safe_flush_line(start, end - start);
-		printk_safe_flush_line(newline, strlen(newline));
-	}
-
-	return len;
-}
-
-static void report_message_lost(struct printk_safe_seq_buf *s)
-{
-	int lost = atomic_xchg(&s->message_lost, 0);
-
-	if (lost)
-		printk_deferred("Lost %d message(s)!\n", lost);
-}
-
-/*
- * Flush data from the associated per-CPU buffer. The function
- * can be called either via IRQ work or independently.
- */
-static void __printk_safe_flush(struct irq_work *work)
-{
-	struct printk_safe_seq_buf *s =
-		container_of(work, struct printk_safe_seq_buf, work);
-	unsigned long flags;
-	size_t len;
-	int i;
-
-	/*
-	 * The lock has two functions. First, one reader has to flush all
-	 * available message to make the lockless synchronization with
-	 * writers easier. Second, we do not want to mix messages from
-	 * different CPUs. This is especially important when printing
-	 * a backtrace.
-	 */
-	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&safe_read_lock, flags);
-
-	i = 0;
-more:
-	len = atomic_read(&s->len);
-
-	/*
-	 * This is just a paranoid check that nobody has manipulated
-	 * the buffer an unexpected way. If we printed something then
-	 * @len must only increase. Also it should never overflow the
-	 * buffer size.
-	 */
-	if ((i && i >= len) || len > sizeof(s->buffer)) {
-		const char *msg = "printk_safe_flush: internal error\n";
-
-		printk_safe_flush_line(msg, strlen(msg));
-		len = 0;
-	}
-
-	if (!len)
-		goto out; /* Someone else has already flushed the buffer. */
-
-	/* Make sure that data has been written up to the @len */
-	smp_rmb();
-	i += printk_safe_flush_buffer(s->buffer + i, len - i);
-
-	/*
-	 * Check that nothing has got added in the meantime and truncate
-	 * the buffer. Note that atomic_cmpxchg() is an implicit memory
-	 * barrier that makes sure that the data were copied before
-	 * updating s->len.
-	 */
-	if (atomic_cmpxchg(&s->len, len, 0) != len)
-		goto more;
-
-out:
-	report_message_lost(s);
-	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&safe_read_lock, flags);
-}
-
-/**
- * printk_safe_flush - flush all per-cpu nmi buffers.
- *
- * The buffers are flushed automatically via IRQ work. This function
- * is useful only when someone wants to be sure that all buffers have
- * been flushed at some point.
- */
-void printk_safe_flush(void)
-{
-	int cpu;
-
-	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
-#ifdef CONFIG_PRINTK_NMI
-		__printk_safe_flush(&per_cpu(nmi_print_seq, cpu).work);
-#endif
-		__printk_safe_flush(&per_cpu(safe_print_seq, cpu).work);
-	}
-}
-
-/**
- * printk_safe_flush_on_panic - flush all per-cpu nmi buffers when the system
- *	goes down.
- *
- * Similar to printk_safe_flush() but it can be called even in NMI context when
- * the system goes down. It does the best effort to get NMI messages into
- * the main ring buffer.
- *
- * Note that it could try harder when there is only one CPU online.
- */
-void printk_safe_flush_on_panic(void)
-{
-	/*
-	 * Make sure that we could access the safe buffers.
-	 * Do not risk a double release when more CPUs are up.
-	 */
-	if (raw_spin_is_locked(&safe_read_lock)) {
-		if (num_online_cpus() > 1)
-			return;
-
-		debug_locks_off();
-		raw_spin_lock_init(&safe_read_lock);
-	}
-
-	printk_safe_flush();
-}
-
 #ifdef CONFIG_PRINTK_NMI
-/*
- * Safe printk() for NMI context. It uses a per-CPU buffer to
- * store the message. NMIs are not nested, so there is always only
- * one writer running. But the buffer might get flushed from another
- * CPU, so we need to be careful.
- */
-static __printf(1, 0) int vprintk_nmi(const char *fmt, va_list args)
-{
-	struct printk_safe_seq_buf *s = this_cpu_ptr(&nmi_print_seq);
-
-	return printk_safe_log_store(s, fmt, args);
-}
-
 void noinstr printk_nmi_enter(void)
 {
 	this_cpu_add(printk_context, PRINTK_NMI_CONTEXT_OFFSET);
@@ -309,9 +32,6 @@ void noinstr printk_nmi_exit(void)
  * Marks a code that might produce many messages in NMI context
  * and the risk of losing them is more critical than eventual
  * reordering.
- *
- * It has effect only when called in NMI context. Then printk()
- * will store the messages into the main logbuf directly.
  */
 void printk_nmi_direct_enter(void)
 {
@@ -324,27 +44,8 @@ void printk_nmi_direct_exit(void)
 	this_cpu_and(printk_context, ~PRINTK_NMI_DIRECT_CONTEXT_MASK);
 }
 
-#else
-
-static __printf(1, 0) int vprintk_nmi(const char *fmt, va_list args)
-{
-	return 0;
-}
-
 #endif /* CONFIG_PRINTK_NMI */
 
-/*
- * Lock-less printk(), to avoid deadlocks should the printk() recurse
- * into itself. It uses a per-CPU buffer to store the message, just like
- * NMI.
- */
-static __printf(1, 0) int vprintk_safe(const char *fmt, va_list args)
-{
-	struct printk_safe_seq_buf *s = this_cpu_ptr(&safe_print_seq);
-
-	return printk_safe_log_store(s, fmt, args);
-}
-
 /* Can be preempted by NMI. */
 void __printk_safe_enter(void)
 {
@@ -369,7 +70,10 @@ asmlinkage int vprintk(const char *fmt, va_list args)
 	 * Use the main logbuf even in NMI. But avoid calling console
 	 * drivers that might have their own locks.
 	 */
-	if ((this_cpu_read(printk_context) & PRINTK_NMI_DIRECT_CONTEXT_MASK)) {
+	if (this_cpu_read(printk_context) &
+	    (PRINTK_NMI_DIRECT_CONTEXT_MASK |
+	     PRINTK_NMI_CONTEXT_MASK |
+	     PRINTK_SAFE_CONTEXT_MASK)) {
 		unsigned long flags;
 		int len;
 
@@ -380,35 +84,7 @@ asmlinkage int vprintk(const char *fmt, va_list args)
 		return len;
 	}
 
-	/* Use extra buffer in NMI. */
-	if (this_cpu_read(printk_context) & PRINTK_NMI_CONTEXT_MASK)
-		return vprintk_nmi(fmt, args);
-
-	/* Use extra buffer to prevent a recursion deadlock in safe mode. */
-	if (this_cpu_read(printk_context) & PRINTK_SAFE_CONTEXT_MASK)
-		return vprintk_safe(fmt, args);
-
 	/* No obstacles. */
 	return vprintk_default(fmt, args);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vprintk);
-
-void __init printk_safe_init(void)
-{
-	int cpu;
-
-	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
-		struct printk_safe_seq_buf *s;
-
-		s = &per_cpu(safe_print_seq, cpu);
-		init_irq_work(&s->work, __printk_safe_flush);
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_PRINTK_NMI
-		s = &per_cpu(nmi_print_seq, cpu);
-		init_irq_work(&s->work, __printk_safe_flush);
-#endif
-	}
-
-	/* Flush pending messages that did not have scheduled IRQ works. */
-	printk_safe_flush();
-}
diff --git a/lib/nmi_backtrace.c b/lib/nmi_backtrace.c
index dae233c5f597..9813a983d024 100644
--- a/lib/nmi_backtrace.c
+++ b/lib/nmi_backtrace.c
@@ -75,12 +75,6 @@ void nmi_trigger_cpumask_backtrace(const cpumask_t *mask,
 		touch_softlockup_watchdog();
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Force flush any remote buffers that might be stuck in IRQ context
-	 * and therefore could not run their irq_work.
-	 */
-	printk_safe_flush();
-
 	clear_bit_unlock(0, &backtrace_flag);
 	put_cpu();
 }
